Öz
Amaç
Elektrokonvülsif terapi (EKT), çocuk ve ergenlerde tedaviye dirençli psikiyatrik bozuklukların yönetiminde etkili bir tedavi seçeneğidir. Ancak bu yaş grubunda EKT uygulaması için ebeveyn onayı gereklidir ve ailelerin tedaviye yönelik tutumları klinik karar süreçlerini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma, EKT uygulanan çocuk ve ergen hastaların ebeveynlerinin tedaviye ilişkin bilgi düzeylerini, tutumlarını ve deneyimlerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.
Yöntem
Bu kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı çalışma, 2015-2024 yılları arasında üçüncü basamak bir psikiyatri hastanesinde EKT uygulanan 12-18 yaş arasındaki hastaların ebeveynleri ile yürütülmüştür. Toplam 78 hastanın kayıtlarına ulaşılmış ve 31 ebeveyn ile görüşme yapılmıştır. Ebeveynlere, literatürden derlenen 30 maddelik yapılandırılmış bir anket formu uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular
Hastaların %67,7’si erkek olup yaş ortalaması 16,5±1,1 idi. En sık tanı grupları bipolar bozukluk (%38,7) ve şizofreni spektrumu ve diğer psikotik bozukluklardı (%38,7). En sık EKT endikasyonu saldırganlıktı (%41,9). Ebeveynlerin %74,2’si EKT sonrası çocuklarının psikiyatrik belirtilerinin azaldığını, %64,5’i intihar düşüncesinin gerilediğini bildirdi. Ebeveynlerin %71,0’ı yan etki gözlemlemezken, %35,5’i tedavi sürecinde korku yaşadığını belirtti. EKT’nin insancıl olmadığı düşüncesine katılım yalnızca %12,9 idi. Ebeveynlerin %45,2’si tedavinin daha erken uygulanmasını tercih ederken, %41,9’u EKT’nin son çare olması gerektiğini düşünüyordu. Ebeveyn yaşı ile bilgilendirilme düzeyi arasında orta-güçlü düzeyde negatif yönlü anlamlı korelasyonlar saptandı.
Sonuç
EKT uygulanan çocuk ve ergen hastaların ebeveynleri, tedaviyi büyük oranda etkili ve güvenli olarak değerlendirmektedir. Ancak özellikle ileri yaş ebeveynlerin bilgilendirme süreçlerinde daha fazla desteğe ihtiyaç duyduğu görülmektedir. Klinisyenlerin yapılandırılmış psikoeğitim programları ile aileleri tedavi sürecine daha etkin dahil etmesi önerilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi, ebeveyn tutumları, elektrokonvülsif terapi
Kaynaklar
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