ÖZET
Decoy reseptörü 3 (DcR3), tümör nekroz reseptörü (TNF) faktörünün bir üst üyesidir. DcR3, apoptozu inhibe eden çoklu apoptotik ligandlarda bağlayıcı bir ortak olarak görev yapar. TNF ile ilişkili apoptozu indükleyen ligand (TRAIL) ile indüklenen apoptozun DcR3 tarafından duyarlı hale getirildiği gösterilmiştir. DcR3’ün, hücre fonksiyonlarını kontrol eden ‘‘tuzak’’ ve ‘‘tuzak olmayan’’’ aktiviteleri olan bir ‘‘pleiotropik’’ çözünür faktör olduğu bulunmuştur. Fas ve FasL arasındaki bağlantı, bir IgG1 Fc alanı ile birleştirilmiş rekombinant DcR3 tarafından engellenebilir. TNF süper ailesi FasL, LIGHT ve TL1A üyelerini nötralize ederek apoptozu inhibe edebilir ve anjiyogenezi artırabilir. DcR3 serum seviyesi, enflamatuvar hastalıkları ve kanseri olmayan çoğu normal bireyde neredeyse saptanamaz düzeydedir. Birkaç araştırmaya göre, kandaki DcR3 seviyesi kanser hastalarında kanser evresi ile bağlantılıdır. Serum veya dokulardaki yüksek DcR3 seviyelerinin, bazı kanser hastalarında kötü prognoz ve/veya tedaviye direnç ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, DcR3 serum seviyesinin eşik değerinin belirlenmesi, gelecekte hastalığın ciddiyetini tahmin ettirebilecektir. DcR3 ekspresyonunun inhibe edilmesi tümör büyümesini yavaşlatabilirken, DcR3 aracılı efektör fonksiyonların iyileştirilmesi, otoimmüniteyi azaltmak ve doku iyileşmesini desteklemek için uygun bir strateji olabilir. Bu nedenle, rekombinant DcR3 umut verici bir immünoterapi ajanıdır; yine de malign ortamda DcR3 ekspresyonunun önlenmesi kanser tedavisi başarısını artırabilir. Bu derlemenin amacı, şimdiye kadar DcR3 ile ilgili çalışmaların bulgularını toplayarak klinik kolaylık sağlamaktır. Bu keşifler kanser teşhisi, farklılaşma, metastaz ve evre tespiti konusunda yardımcı olabilir. Ayrıca, bunlar gelecekte karsinomları hedeflemek için yeni terapötik yaklaşımlar sağlayabilir.
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